Evaluating Seismic Response of a G+6 Structure using PBD and FBD

Earthquakes keeps on causing damage which continue to be a concern when we look past the data and it makes it essential to study their effects and evaluate structural performance. This study focuses on Performance Based Design (PBD), a method that inspects how structures actually respond during earthquakes, especially in the inelastic range. While many studies consider only elastic behaviour, inelastic performance still needs deeper exploration. PBD determines the required frame strength based on a chosen yield mechanism and target deformation, ensuring controlled and uniform damage distribution—unlike Force- Based Design (FBD), which often leads to localized failures and overlooks post-yield behaviour. Although FBD is widely used due to its simplicity, it may result in conservative designs with limited post-elastic performance. In this study, target drifts representing performance levels- Immediate Occupancy, Life Safety, and Collapse Prevention are used to compare PBD and FBD for RC structures under lateral loads. Through pushover curves, hinge formation, and performance points, PBD provides a clearer understanding of structural response across different performance levels. Findings indicate that PBD allows engineers to define desired performance more accurately, improves distribution of seismic damage, and helps ensure both safety and functionality. Despite needing further research for broader practical adoption, PBD remains a promising and effective approach for designing resilient and economical structures.