A Wearable Glasses-based System for Real Time Drowsiness Detection and Accident Prevention

Driver fatigue is a major contributor to road accidents worldwide. This paper introduces the Accident Prevention Glasses (APGs), a low-cost, wearable system designed to detect driver drowsiness and distraction in real time. The APGs use infrared (IR) sensors to monitor eye closure and blinking patterns—key indicators of fatigue. When abnormal activity is detected, the system activates a buzzer with alternating frequencies and a vibration motor to alert the user immediately. The core of the system is an Arduino Nano microcontroller, programmed with calibrated thresholds via the Arduino IDE. A rechargeable lithium-ion battery powers the device for up to 13 hours. Compared to camera-based systems, this hardware-oriented approach offers faster alerts and achieved over 76.7% accuracy in laboratory tests. For enhanced functionality, the APGs integrate HM10 Bluetooth, enabling connection to a Flutter-based mobile app. The app provides real-time alerts, emergency SOS capability, and event logging for review. This hybrid design—combining on-device sensing with mobile software—improves both immediate response and long-term monitoring. The system also shows potential for healthcare use, such as alerting caregivers when unconscious patients move.