Disk Management System with Error Handling

This paper presents a Disk Management System that simulates and visualizes core disk storage operations within a virtual operating system environment. The system implements three allocation strategies — contiguous, linked, and indexed — combined with dynamic placement algorithms: first-fit, best-fit, and worst-fit. Experimental evaluation across multiple virtual drive configurations demonstrates that First-Fit achieves the fastest allocation speed, Best-Fit yields the highest space efficiency with minimal fragmentation, and Worst-Fit performs moderately in fragmentation control. The system supports file creation, deletion, and resizing within a Virtual File System, along with defragmentation that reduced average fragmentation levels significantly in tested configurations. A bad-block simulation module replicates realworld disk failure scenarios using hash-table-based block marking, enabling error detection and recovery. An interactive color-coded disk map provides real-time visualization of block states, allocation changes, and error events. The proposed system is validated as both an educational tool and a practical framework for analyzing disk management concepts in operating system design.