A Novel 2D to AR Integration Framework for Quality Control of MEP Rough-ins in Concrete Slabs

Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) rough-ins within concrete slabs are a critical construction phase where errors and omissions (E&O) often result in costly rework, schedule delays, and quality issues. Traditional reliance on 2D drawings limits spatial coordination, making it difficult for field personnel to identify potential conflicts before installation. Therefore, this paper aims to introduce a pilot-test-ready framework that integrates 2D construction drawings with augmented reality (AR) to enhance quality control during MEP rough-ins. The objective is to establish a framework for a mock-up pilot test. This paper focuses on the structure of the framework and the planned evaluation; data collection will occur in subsequent phases. This framework will outline a process for digitizing 2D drawings, aligning them with the real environment, and overlaying the information using an AR device (Trimble XR10 with Trimble Connect). Initially, the framework will be applied in a pilot test on a controlled mock-up environment. Then, it will be expanded into a controlled environment study and eventually tested in an uncontrolled field setting. While data collection is planned for future phases, this paper discusses the structure and methodology that will form the foundation for systematic testing and integration into construction quality management practices. The intellectual merit of this study lies in establishing a structured framework that enhances coordination and E&O detection during MEP rough-ins by integrating 2D construction drawings with augmented reality. The broader impact includes improving quality control practices, reducing rework and delays, and promoting technology adoption in the construction industry. Additionally, the framework acts as an educational tool that supports workforce development and prepares future engineers for emerging digital construction environments.