Intelligent Signal Management for Bidirectional Traffic using Vehicle Density Evaluation

The congestion caused by the inefficiency of the fixed-time systems of traffic lights is critical at the urban road intersections, and they cannot adapt to the changes in vehicle density. This causes the wastage of time in unnecessary waiting, consumption of fuel and emergency delays. The proposed system of intelligent two-way traffic control with the use of ultrasonic sensors to dynamically assess the real-time vehicle density at the signal points will resolve the limitation. The arduino Mega 2560 gathers and continuous distance readings and prioritizes switching of signals according to the real presence of traffic. It goes around vacant lanes automatically and halts on the existing signal during an all-vacant situation of the roads. The main goal in this case is the minimization of idle signal time and automation of the traffic throughput. It is novel in that it has a real-time adaptive skipping logic, in contrast with the traditional cyclic systems; though does not contain any redundant delays, contrived to ensure responsiveness at zero traffic rates. This offers an economically viable, hardware-friendly and an autonomous complete smart traffic management system.