A Blockchain and Cryptography-based Framework for Secure and Transparent Online Voting in Indian Democracy

In the digital era, secure and transparent electoral processes are fundamental to maintaining democratic integrity. The proposed system introduces a comprehensive online voting platform for Indian citizens, powered by blockchain technology and multi-layered authentication mechanisms. The system integrates Aadhaar-based OTP verification, advanced biometric authentication through facial recognition, and voter ID linkage to ensure only eligible citizens participate in elections. Security enhancements include end-to-end encryption, blockchain-based immutable storage, multi-factor authentication protocols, and anti-phishing measures. The platform prioritizes usability, accessibility, and transparency while providing government authorities with a comprehensive administrative dashboard for election oversight. This research presents the system's architecture, implementation methodology, and performance evaluation, highlighting its potential contribution to India's electoral modernization initiatives.