Secure, Scalable and Interoperable EHRS: A Survey of Blockchain Applications in Healthcare

The rapid digitization of healthcare has highlighted the importance of secure and interoperable Electronic Health Records (EHRs). Conventional systems often face challenges related to data privacy, security, and seamless exchange across providers. Blockchain, with its decentralized and tamper-resistant architecture, presents a potential solution to these limitations. This survey paper examines the role of blockchain in EHR management by outlining its core principles, reviewing recent research efforts, and analyzing existing frameworks. We further evaluate their strengths and weaknesses while identifying open challenges such as scalability, compliance, and integration with healthcare infrastructure. The study aims to provide insights into how blockchain can advance secure, patient-centric, and interoperable health data management.