Seismic Performance Analysis of Industrial Steel Structures with Various Bracing Systems: A Comprehensive Review

The essential infrastructure needs Industrial steel structures to function as its main component because their structural integrity and operational capability will withstand seismic activities. Industrial steel buildings exhibit different seismic response patterns than the standard multi-storey structures due to their extensive dimensions, also their capacity for supporting heavy equipment, and their unconventional architectural designs. The bracing systems function as vital components that control the lateral movements during earthquakes, protect against structural damage, and also to improve the energy absorption capacity. The review evaluates the earthquake performance of the industrial steel framework through recent research studies that examine various bracing systems using the analytical methods as well as performance evaluation criteria, while analysing the actual behavior patterns. The research team used experimental studies, numerical simulations, and analytical investigations to create a comprehensive assessment of concentrically braced frames, eccentrically braced frames, and buckling-restrained braced frames and emerging hybrid configurations. These review studies show that braced frames deliver two advantages because it provides initial stiffness as well as enable effective drift control during low to moderate seismic requirements. The performance of the system experiences two types of restrictions because brace buckling occurs and cyclic stiffness degradation takes place. Eccentrically braced frames demonstrate enhanced ductility, as well as stable energy dissipation while buckling-restrained braced frames exhibit the superior hysteretic stability, strength retention, and the reduced residual deformations. Hybrid bracing systems show the promising performance improvements, but introduce the additional design complexity. The review demonstrates how performance-based design methods and advanced code requirements together enhance the seismic resistance of industrial steel structures.