Enhancing EV Regenerative Braking with PMSM and Knight Inverter for Bi-directional Traction control

Electric vehicles (EVs) frequently employ permanent-magnet synchronous motors due to their numerous advantages, including attractive torque-speed characteristics and higher efficiency. The regenerative braking strategy, that recovers kinetic energy in deceleration operation, is an effective technique to recharging the battery and thereby extends the operating and dynamic range of EV. In this paper, a field-oriented control with torsional oscillation damping method approach that considers all forces acting on an EV on an incline is utilized to calculate the shaft torque. To optimize the electromagnetic torque, the stator current's d-axis component is kept at zero, and the 3-ɸ stator winding voltages are produced in accordance with the demands of the EV. The novel Knight multilevel inverter with PD-PWM control technique is utilized as a bi-directional traction converter to improve harmonic performance. MATLAB/Simulink simulations validate the proposed regenerative braking technique across acceleration, deceleration, and constant speed operating modes.