Smart Fire Detection, Alarm System and Extinction using YOLO for Real-Time Hazard Mitigation: A Review

Fire incidents continue to pose a major threat worldwide, leading to severe losses of life, property, and natural resources. Traditional detection systems such as smoke or heat sensors often struggle with delayed responses, limited coverage, and false alarms. With rapid growth in artificial intelligence and computer vision, deep learning now provides a more dependable alternative. Among various approaches, the YOLO (You Only Look Once) framework stands out for its real-time detection speed and accuracy. This survey explores YOLO- based fire detection techniques that use image and video data to identify fires even in complex environments. It further discusses integrations with Internet of Things (IoT) systems that enable automated alerts and fire suppression mechanisms. The findings suggest that combining YOLO’s detection efficiency with IoT automation offers a smarter, faster, and more cost-effective solution for modern fire safety.