BMS of EV Charging System with Motor Protection

This Paper mainly presents a simplified working model for an Electric Vehicle charging system that is set to demonstrate and compare three levels of EV charging: Level 1 (230V AC), Level 2 (440V AC), and Level 3 (800W DC fast-charging). The principal goal is to demonstrate the charging time differences among the various levels and help the users identify the best option with respect to their needs and time. This paper considers both AC and DC charging, while the transformer supports two currents-1A and 3A. At its core, the system uses a microcontroller along with other necessary electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, and batteries. The software interface is built in Node.js, which displays the battery level in real-time and estimated charging time, thereby allowing for greater user interactivity and system monitoring. Further, the prototype includes an LCD interfaced with the prototype to display the system faults which include temperature increment and motor overloading to imply the safety and early fault detection. Therefore, the paper gives a very practical and informative visualization of the working of modern-day EV charging stations with an emphasis on effectiveness, versatility, and users safety.