Anticancer Potential of Diosgenin via Modulating PARP Pathway: An in Vitro Study on A549 and HCT116 Cancer Cell Lines

Cancer remains the second-leading cause of mortality globally, necessitating innovative therapies that are both effective and minimally harmful. Diosgenin, a saponin derived from Trigonella foenum graecum, possesses anti-apoptotic and anti-proliferative properties. Though its anticancer potential remains underexplored, this study investigates Diosgenin's anticancer efficacy in A549 (lung cancer) and HCT116 (colon cancer) cell lines. The in vitro assays demonstrated that Diosgenin inhibits the cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in these cells, as shown by Caspase 3/7 related cell death. Additionally, western blot analysis revealed its modulatory effects on the PARP signaling pathway, while whole blood assay confirmed dual anticancer and anti-inflammatory roles. Collectively, these findings highlight Diosgenin’s potential as a naturally occurring anticancer agent, offering promising avenues for therapeutic development against malignancies. Further investigations into its mechanism of action could solidify its role in cancer therapy.