Investigating the Effect of Urbanization on Environmental Quality Using RS and GIS

The effect of urbanization on the environment are of major concern. Rapid urbanization has caused many environmental issues that risk human and animal health. The effects of urbanization on air and water quality, soil health, and biodiversity are particularly noteworthy. As urbanization continues to accelerate, it is imperative that we take proactive measures to mitigate its negative impact on the environment. Remote sensing (RS) and GIS techniques, which go beyond the limitations of traditional field monitoring tools, are critical for monitoring a complex and dynamic ecosystem. This method allows biologists to readily visualize and analyze geospatial data, which could be beneficial for a range of applications such as crop monitoring, forest categorization, water availability, climate change. The purpose of this study was to look at the influence of urbanization on land use efficiency (LUE) and ecosystem value (ESV) in Dehradun district, Uttarakhand, India, during the previous 20 years using RS and GIS techniques. According to our research, the quantity of built-up area increased continuously from 2001 to 2021, while the amount of water body, agricultural, and forest decreased. As a result, the total LUE of the examined area grew from 1.02 in 2001 to 1.3 in 2021, whereas ESV reduced by 27% from 2001 to 2021. This investigation shows that Dehradun's built-up area has increased substantially, especially in the city centre, where a smart city project is underway