Enhanced LEACH Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is MAC based protocol which uses time division multiple access (TDMA) that for clustering and a simple routing mechanism in WSN's. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) include numerous battery-powered nodes or devices. The initial energy of these nodes or devices is insufficient to transfer the data continuously, where data transmission costs a major part of it. The key requirement is to select the cluster head (CH) based upon the battery state and the separation range between the cluster head and the base station. The head of the cluster directs data between clusters and coordinates the activities of its component nodes. Clustering preserves the energy of the nodes and extends the network's lifespan. This paper deals with the selection of cluster heads in the network-based upon the battery state of the node and the separation range between the cluster head and the base station using the multipath algorithm and free space algorithm.