Design and Analysis of the Fractal Antenna over Mushroom Type AMC in the Vicinity of 2-5 Ghz

Periodic metallic arrays act as AMC surfaces when positioned on a dielectric material and they provide a zero degree reflection phase to incoming waves. In-phase reflection and surface wave suppression are two vital characteristics of AMC which make it a perfect candidate for low profile antenna applications. In this paper, fractal antenna with AMC and without AMC is designed and simulated in the IE3D software. It is observed that the fractal antenna designed over AMC shows better VSWR characteristics, better return loss, better directivity and raises the impedance bandwidth upto 66% as compared to fractal antenna over conventional ground plane (without AMC). FR4 material is used for the fabrication of planned antenna. Designed antenna works effectively at three frequencies i.e. 2.15GHz with impedance bandwidth 167MHz (2.070-2.237GHz), 3.86GHz having impedance bandwidth of 261 MHz (3.736-3.997GHz) and 4.67 GHz having impedance bandwidth of 173MHz (4.610-4.783GHz). The fabricated antenna is tested for the specified bands using VNA. After testing it is confirmed that the simulated results and the measured results through VNA match with each other.