Abstract

Reliable Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) can supply good services for deep-water engineering applications operating in the volatile underwater environment. UWSNs are getting growing interest because of wide-range applications, such as deep-sea ecology, military operation, predicting earthquake, and so on. UWSNs are different from terrestrial radio networks and it is full of challenges. However, the underwater acoustic communication technology is constrained by the nodes’ continuous movement, limited communication bandwidth and node energy, which bring great challenges to UWSNs.