Abstract

In modern communication systems, wireless ad hoc networks are essential in which network lifetime and performance depend heavily on the energy economy. However, an energyefficient protocol is necessary since ad hoc network nodes run on limited battery power and it is impractical to replace or recharge the battery crucial to the ad hoc network's design. In ad hoc networks, the shortest path is always chosen by traditional routing techniques. Ad hoc networks will divide if energy consumption isn't taken into account, as some nodes will quickly run out of power. This work offers a thorough analysis of the energy consumption features of well-known routing methods in wireless ad hoc networks. Also, a new protocol Enhanced Energy Aware Multipath Routing Protocol (EEAMRP) is proposed. EEAMRP takes multipath selection into account to reduce the energy consumption. Number of simulations are carried out over a range of network situations, including different topologies, node configurations, mobility models, and traffic patterns, using Network Simulator 2 (NS2). Enhancing routing protocols to increase the lifetime of ad hoc networks has been a busy field of study in recent years. This work's major objective is to assess each protocol's energy efficiency using important performance indicators such as transmission energy, idle energy, receiving energy, node lifetime, and remaining energy. EEAMRP, in particular, performs better than AODV, DSR, and DSDV in terms of transmission energy, idle energy, and receiving energy. By utilizing energy-aware methods and multipath routing, EEAMRP minimises energy consumption through route selection, improving network efficiency and extending node lifetime. Moreover, EEAMRP distributes traffic load efficiently to reduce congestion and energy consumption by dynamically choosing several disjoint pathways between source and destination nodes. This work examines the functionality of three well-known protocols: Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad hoc On- Demand Distance Vector (AODV), and Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV), in comparison to the novel Enhanced Energy-Aware Multipath Routing Protocol (EEAMRP). Through meticulous analysis, EEAMRP emerges as a standout performer, showcasing superior energy efficiency. Its adeptness in maximizing the lifespan of ad-hoc networks signifies a promising advancement in the realm of wireless communication protocols.