Abstract

Sustainable development has become increasingly crucial in port development with the focus on minimizing negative impacts on natural environment from port operations while maintaining port operational efficiency. This study aims to present a comprehensive framework for assessing the performance of green ports using Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). The framework integrates many sustainable development indicators of port operations, including environmental, economic, and social aspects. In doing so, the paper first explores key performance indicators (KPIs) relevant to green port initiatives. These KPIs are then categorized into different dimensions, such as air quality, water quality, energy efficiency, waste management, and community engagement. Next, the MCDA approach is applied to calculate the overall performance scores of green ports from relevant stakeholders’ rating. Besides, for empirical study, four major container ports in Vietnam (hereafter VN-CPs case) were surveyed to verify the proposed research model. Finally, based on the empirical results, port stakeholders can compare and rank ports based on their sustainability performance, and in turn, identifying areas for improvement, and implementing targeted interventions to achieve the overall sustainability of port operations.