Abstract

Efficiency of power system depends on the distribution system. Distribution system provides the final link between the high voltage transmission system and the consumers. A distribution circuit normally uses primary or main feeders and lateral distributors. The main feeder originates from the substation, and passes through the major load centers. Lateral distributors connect the individual load points to the main feeder with distribution transformers at their ends. Transfer of electric energy from the source of generation to the customer via the transmission and distribution networks is accompanied by losses. The majority of these losses occur on the distribution system. In a well-run system, total transmission and distribution system losses are on the order of 9% and of this 2-3% are in the distribution system. In the developing world equivalent numbers are total losses of 15% and distribution losses in the 5-7% range. Distributed Generation (DG) plays an important role for reduction of losses in distribution systems. This paper presents a collection of discussions about basic technical segments of electric distribution technology. However, there are also significant improvements that can be accomplished through improved reliability and quality of service.