Abstract

Recent advancement in the area of MEMS, communications with wireless technologies, digital electronics have led for the emergence in WSNs, which having maximum of sensing devices which are capable in detecting, processing, transmitting some information like environmental changes etc. Every single sensor node equipped only with limitations in computation and also communicating capabilities; but WSN nodes, which are sensors, when properly configured, can combined perform tasks related to signal processing to get the information from a remote area that may be dangerous area in an untended, robust way. Applications including smart spaces, battlefield surveillance, biological detection, industrial diagnostics, environmental monitoring, etc. Many advancements are undergoing for the technologies with wireless communications. Since few years there had a sharp growth for the research in WSNs. In such networks communication happens with spatially distributed sensor node which are autonomous and powered to sense particular information. This paper explaining how it maximizes the coverage by identifying the fault node and covering the vacant area of the found node and to minimize the consumption of energy in WSN by optimizing the communication distance between the sensor-nodes and the data collector (sink-point) when node is mobile.