Abstract

Renewable energy is a green and sustainable source of energy that is clean, available in abundance. Wind energy generation has been experienced the largest growth among renewable sources due to lower cost and advanced technologies. The increasing higher penetration of wind energy is participating a lot in grid operation and economics. Variable wind speed leads to variable wind power generation, voltage fluctuations, and frequency deviations, which are the main problems related to wind energy integration into a grid. These problems become more evident in weak grids. In addition to this, wind farms have to take the grid problems into consideration and have to provide support during grid instability and transients. In this paper, a PMSG wind turbine full energy conversion system design and modelling have been performed using Matlab Simulink. The system is grid integrated and applies MPPT control to extract the maximum power from the wind and utilizes full conversion to interface the unregulated generator AC power to the grid. Modules of Lithium-Ion Capacitors (LIC) have been placed on the DC bus in order to support the grid with wind energy power smoothening and LVRT, which is further controlled by the DVR. LICs offer high power density and reasonable energy density. During grid faults, wind energy can be stored in the LICs and discharged into the grid as soon as the voltage is restored. This feature will support the grid to stabilize the voltage. Detailed modelling of the architecture and controls has been performed to verify the viability of the proposed system. To make DVR more effective firefly optimization technique will be used to generate high duty cycle pulse form PWM.